Kwę́bi

Kʷẽbi vocabulary

=Phonology=

Syllable Structure
(C)V(ʔ)

Allophony

 * 1) The plosives [c k q ...] assimilate in uvularity to a following plosive. Before an uvular stop, palatal plosives become uvular.
 * 2) Short voiced fricatives [v ð̺ z] are deleted between a vowel or semivowel and a vowel or semivowel.
 * 3) Coronal consonants [n d θ̺ ...] assimilate in laminality to a following coronal consonant.
 * 4) Voiceless stops [p c qʼ ...] assimilate in glottalisation to a following non-nasal consonant other than approximant. Before an ejective consonant, [p] becomes [ʔ].
 * 5) Semivowels [j w] become mid-low [ɛ̯ ɔ̯] before a lax vowel.
 * 6) Mid-low vowels and semivowels [ɛ̯ ɛː ɔ ...] become tense [e̯ eː o ...] before a high semivowel.
 * 7) Short non-ejective voiced stops [b d ɢ ...] become fricatives [β ð̺ ʁ ...] between a vowel or an approximant and a vowel or semivowel.
 * 8) Coronal consonants other than [ṉʲ l], i.e. [n̻ d ð ...], assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a preceding coronal consonant. After an alveopalatal nasal, non-sibilant coronal fricatives become sibilants; [l̻] become [l]. After an alveolar consonant, [nʲ̱̺] become [ṉʲ].
 * 9) Low lax vowels [æ æ̃ ɑː ...] become mid-low [ɛ ɛ̃ ʌː ...] after a semivowel.
 * 10) Labial obstruents or nasals [m b f ...] assimilate in labiodentality to a following labial obstruent or nasal.
 * 11) Nasals [m n̻ ṉʲ ...] become nasals and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal.
 * 12) Non-sibilant coronal coronal stops [t̻ tʼ ḏ ...] become non-affricate and assimilate in place of articulation to a following obstruent or nasal and become no phones word-finally. Before a labial obstruent or nasal, ejective stops become non-labial and assimilate in place of articulation.
 * 13) Non-nasal vowels [i o ɔ ...] become nasal [ẽ õ ɔ̃ ...] after a nasal phone. High vowels become non-high.
 * 14) Non-front vowels and velar or uvular semivowels [w õ ɔː ...] become front [j ø̃ œː ...] before a front consonant. Semivowels become unrounded.
 * 15) Coronal consonants other than [ṉʲ ṯʲ ṯʲʼ ḏʲ l], i.e. [n̻ tʼ̱̺ t͡ʃ̺ʼ ...], assimilate in anteriority and retroflexion to a following coronal obstruent other than non-affricate stop or nasal. Before an alveolar obstruent other than a non-affricate stop or nasal, alveopalatal stops or nasals become palatoalveolar; alveopalatal stops or nasals become laminal. Before a palatoalveolar obstruent sibilant, non-sibilant coronal fricatives become sibilants; [l̻] become [l].
 * 16) Unrounded vowels [i ɛː æ ...] become rounded [y œː ɒ ...] before a rounded semivowel. Front low vowels become back.
 * 17) Obstruents [p c d͡ʒ ...] assimilate in voice to a preceding obstruent or nasal. After a voiced obstruent or nasal, ejective stops become non-ejective.
 * 18) Non-pharyngeal consonants other than uvular consonants or [ɲ c cʼ ɟ ç ʝ j w], i.e. [m ṯʲ d͡ʒ ...], assimilate in palatalisation to a following consonant and become non-front word-finally. Before a front consonant, alveolar obstruents or nasals become alveopalatal; alveolar apical consonants other than [l] become laminal; non-sibilant coronal fricatives become sibilants; rounded stops or nasals become unrounded; [l̻] become [lʲ].
 * 19) Palatoalveolar stops or nasals [d͡ʒ nʲ̱̺ ṯ ...] become non-affricate non-coronal palatal [ɟ ɲ c ...] before a palatal obstruent or nasal.
 * 20) Palatal obstruents or nasals [ç ʝ ɲ ...] become alveopalatal [ɕ ʑ ṉʲ ...] before a palatoalveolar obstruent or nasal.
 * 21) Mid-low semivowels [ɛ̯ ɔ̯] become low [æ̯ ɒ̯] before a low vowel.
 * 22) Voiceless stops [p ṯ̺ qʼʷ ...] assimilate in glottalisation to a preceding non-nasal consonant other than approximant. After an ejective consonant, labial stops become glottal stops.
 * 23) Back vowels and semivowels other than back low rounded vowels and low uvular rounded semivowels [w õ ɔː ...] become central [w̟ ɵ̃ ɞː ...] after a front consonant.