West Middle Mangeodge

West Middle Mangeodge vocabulary

West Middle Mangeodge affixes

Indefinite
The indefinite form of nouns descendeds from the Old Mangeodge collective form of nouns which itself goes back to the Proto-Sumro-Naukl method of reduplication to mark collective nouns. Thanks to sound change these collective forms, and in turn their indefinite counterparts in West Middle Mangeodge, have become irregular and must be memorised along with the noun.


 * apni (“orca”) > ainpn (“an orca”)
 * si (“foreigner”) > ah (“a foreigner”)
 * janv (“valley”) > jani (“a valley”)
 * jarusti (“octopus”) > jarust (“an octopus”)



D-verbs
D-verbs experience an alternation where /z/ is inserted before all non-1st person verb endings.


 * cgejati ("to dwell")

S-verbs
S-verbs experience an alternation between /t/ and /z./ except in the 1S. In PSN the /t/ was originally /d/ but it assimilated in voicing with the infinitive suffix -te and the 1st.sg ending -s, in the supine however the /d/ was preserved.


 * selotti ("to raid") - supine: kselod

P-verbs
P-verbs experience an alternation between /p/ and /f/.


 * aminjapti ("to knap")

S2-verbs
S2-verbs experience an alternation where /b/ drops throughout the paradigm except for the 1S.


 * vinubti- ("to carve")

R2-verbs
R2-verbs show an alternation where /k/ becomes /t͡ʃ/ throughout the paradigm except for the 1S.


 * orakti ("to swim")

Y-verbs
Y-verbs experience an alternation between /d͡ʒ/ and /g/ in the first person, there may also be a resurfacing consonant where it was lost before /d͡ʒt/ : *sacgti ("to sleep") > *salgs ("I sleep").

H-verbs
H-verbs experience a loss of /k/ throughout the paradigm:


 * alazakti ("to clothe")

Perfective
The perfective mood in OM is created by attaching the suffix *-e onto the verb stem to create a new perfective verb. This verb then conjugates as any other verb.


 * paluti ("to hew") > paleti ("to have hewn") > palas ("I have hewn")
 * dauzti ("to make") > dauzeti ("to have made") > dauzeis ("you have made")

REDO THIS

Transgressive
The transgressive creates an adverb roughly meaning "while X" or "having done X" (when combined with the perfect). The transgressive if formed with the suffix -wim onto the third person singular animate form of the verb.


 * certi ("to wash") > cerac- ("it washes") > ceracwim ("while washing")
 * kjarunti- ("to petrify") > kjarunac ("it petrifies") > kjarunacwim ("while petrifying")

The perfective transgressive is formed with the suffix *-wim onto the third person singular animate perfective.


 * certi (“to wash”) > cerati (“to have washed”) > cereic (“it has washed”) > cereicwim (“having washed”)
 * kjarunti (“to petrify”) > kjarunati (“to have petrified”) > kjaruneic- (“it has petrified”) > kjaruneicwim (“having petrified”)