Terch

Terch Period This period covers the changes between from Maifri to Terch up until the 6th Century MA. The diphthong /ai/ monophongises into /e/: Mf àita [àita] "jewelry" → T èt [èt] "ring". The bilabial consonants /b, m/ became /w/ intervocalicaly: Mf äbírda [ɶ̀bírda] "cave" → T ëwír [œ̀wír] /Vw/ → /Vʊ/: T ëwír [œ̀wír] "cave" → T ëwír [œʊír] Loss of word final /a, ɔ/: Mf árba [árba] "jacket" → T árb [árb] Loss of word final /d/: Mf äsìda [ɶsìda] "destruction" → T ësì [œsì] "revenge" Loss of word final nasal consonants: Mf anstúna [ànstúna] "to be infatuated" → T auntú [ɯ̀ntú] "to love" The vowels /ɶ, œ, y/ shift to /œ, ø, ɨ /: Mf änsíva [ɶ̀nsíva] "top, first" → T ënsív [œ̀nsív] "chief", Mf uhẹcha [uhœ́xa] "leather" → T uhọch [uhǿx], Mf ýra [ýra] "toe" → T ýr [ɨ́r]. /s/ is dropped before /t/: Mf äísta [ɶísta] "chaos" → T ëít [œít] Loss of word final /i/ after /r/ and /n/: Mf ansúri [ànsúri] "ease" → T aunsúr [ɯ̀nsúr], Mf áni [áni] "to give" → T án [án]. /k/ becomes /x/ after a consonant after before a vowel: anscúti [anscúti] "to throw, to toss" → aunschúti [ɯnsxúti]. Loss of word final vowels after /x/: Mf àncha [ànxa] "milk tooth" → T ànch [ànch] "young warrior" Loss of word final /s/ when after /i/: Mf ävísa [ɶ̀vísa] "rude" → T ëví [œ̀ví]. Loss of /m/ before vowels: Mf äsilmónga [ɶsìlmɔ́na] "age" → T ësilóng [œsìlɔ́nga]. U-umlaut: The vowels /a, e, ɔ/ become /ɯ, ø, u/ when /u/ occurs in the next syllable: Mf ànsu [ànsu] "grey" → T áunsu [ɯ̀nsu]. The long vowels /uː/ and /aː/ shorten: Mf yū́chu [júːxu] "frog" → T yúchu [júxu] /o/ merges with /ɔ/: Mf airbṓ [àirbó] "curse" → T erbó [èrbɔ́].

Summary of Terch sound changes:

ai → /e/

{b, m} → w/V_V

Vw → Vʊ

a, ɔ→∅/_#

d→∅/_#

N→∅/_#

ɶ, œ, y → œ, ø, ɨ

s →∅/_t

i → ∅/{r, n}_#

k → x/C_V

V→∅/x_#

s → ∅/i_#

m → ∅/_V

a, e, ɔ → ɯ, ø, u/_...u

uː, aː → u, a

o → ɔ